Light bending is when light rays change direction as they pass through different materials or encounter strong gravitational fields. This happens because of certain physical properties of light and how it interacts with its surroundings. One common example of light bending is when light passes from one material to another, like from air to water or glass. The speed of light changes as it enters the new material, causing the light rays to bend at the boundary between the two substances. We can observe this effect when a pencil appears to bend when placed in a glass of water or when we see rainbows in the sky. Another way light bends is through diffraction, which occurs when light waves encounter an obstacle or a small opening. The waves spread out and bend around the edges of the obstacle or opening, creating patterns of interference and diffraction. You might have seen this in experiments like Young's double-slit experiment. On a much larger scale, light can also be bent by the g...